Research paper
Energy policy
Published October 2025
The German Nuclear Phase-out Report 2025
By Guido Núñez-Mujica, Dr. Jesús Alejandro Pineda, Niels-Arne Münch & Mark Lynas
The 2025 edition of the report examining what Germany gave up by closing its nuclear fleet: the generation mix that replaced it, and the emissions, health and price effects that followed.
What the report covers
- The generation Germany lost and the sources that replaced it.
- Estimated emissions and public-health consequences of that substitution.
- Electricity prices and system reliability through the phase-out period.
- Policy lessons for grids still operating nuclear capacity.
How to cite this report
Núñez-Mujica, G., Pineda, J. A., Münch, N.-A., & Lynas, M. (2025). The German Nuclear Phase-out Report 2025. Anthropocene Institute.